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1.
Endocrinol. diabetes nutr. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(5): 317-325, mayo 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-191307

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: La incidencia del microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides (MCPT) está aumentando en los últimos años, especialmente en pacientes intervenidos por enfermedad tiroidea presumiblemente benigna. El objetivo de este estudio es analizar las diferencias entre el MCPT de diagnóstico incidental y de diagnóstico clínico preoperatorio, así como su pronóstico a largo plazo. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: La población a estudio la constituyen los pacientes con diagnóstico histológico de MCPT. Se excluyeron los pacientes con cirugía tiroidea previa, con otras enfermedades tiroideas o extratiroideas malignas sincrónicas y localización ectópica del MCPT. Se compararon 2 grupos: pacientes con diagnóstico incidental (grupo 1) y con diagnóstico clínico (grupo 2). Se realizó un análisis multivariante de los factores diferenciadores. RESULTADOS: El MCPT de diagnóstico clínico presentó mayor frecuencia de hipotiroidismo (4,6% vs.18,9%; p = 0,004), invasión extracapsular (5,7% vs.17,6%; p = 0,018), adenopatías metastásicas (1,1% vs.18,9%; p < 0,001) y tiroiditis linfocitaria (5,7% vs.27%; p < 0,001). En el análisis multivariante la presencia de adenopatías metastásicas (OR: 22,011; IC 95%: 2,621-184,829; p = 0,004) y la tiroiditis linfocitaria (OR: 4,949; IC 95%: 1,602-15,288; p = 0,005) se asociaron con el diagnóstico clínico del MCPT. Durante un seguimiento medio de 119,8 ± 65,1 meses se detectó una recidiva en el grupo 2 (0 vs.1,4%; p = 0,460). Ningún paciente falleció debido a la enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: El MCPT de diagnóstico clínico, aunque presenta características histopatológicas más agresivas (invasión extracapsular y de adenopatías metastásicas), su pronóstico a largo plazo es similar al MCPT incidental. La presencia de adenopatías metastásicas y tiroiditis linfocitaria fueron factores independientes asociados al MCPT de diagnóstico clínico


INTRODUCTION: The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has increased in recent years, especially in patients operated on for presumably benign thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences between PTMC incidentally diagnosed and PTMC clinically diagnosed, as well as its long-term prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study population consisted of patients with a histological diagnosis of PTMC. Patients with previous thyroid surgery, other synchronous thyroid or extrathyroid malignancies and an ectopic location of PTMC were excluded. Two groups were compared: patients with PTMC incidentally diagnosed (group 1) and patients with PTMC clinically diagnosed (group 2). A multivariate analysis of differentiating factors was performed. RESULTS: PTMC clinically diagnosed had a high frequency of hypothyroidism (4.6% vs.18.9%; P = .004), extrathyroidal extension (5.7% vs.17.6%; P = .018), metastatic lymph nodes (1.1% vs.18.9%; P < .001) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (5.7% vs.27%; P < .001). In the multivariate analysis, metastatic lymph nodes (OR: 22.011, IC 95%: 2.621-184.829; P = .004) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (OR: 4.949; IC 95%: 1.602-15.288; P = .005) were associated with the clinical diagnosis of PTMC. During a mean follow-up of 119.8 ± 65.1 months, one recurrence was detected in group 2 (0% vs.1,4%; P = .460). No patient died due to the disease. CONCLUSIONS: PTMC clinically diagnosed, although it has more aggressive histopathological characteristics (extrathyroidal extension and metastatic lymph nodes), presents a long-term prognosis similar to the PTMC incidentally diagnosed. The presence of metastatic lymph nodes and lymphocytic thyroiditis were independent factors associated with PTMC clinically diagnosed


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Câncer Papilífero da Tireoide/diagnóstico , Prognóstico , Achados Incidentais , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Análise Multivariada , Razão de Chances
3.
Cir. Esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 98(4): 219-225, abr. 2020. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-197007

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El microcarcinoma papilar de tiroides (MCPT) suele tener un curso indolente, pero algunos presentan factores de peor pronóstico, como la presencia de adenopatías metastásicas centrales (6,9-51,5%) y laterales (3-49,6%). El objetivo de este estudio es analizar los factores asociados al MCPT con adenopatías metastásicas y su pronóstico a largo plazo. MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo cuya población a estudio la constituyen los pacientes con MCPT (tamaño ≤ 1 cm). Se excluyen los pacientes con cirugía tiroidea previa, otras patologías malignas sincrónicas, y localización ectópica del MCPT. Se comparan dos grupos: MCPT sin adenopatías metastásicas (grupo 1) y MCPT con adenopatías metastásicas (grupo 2). Se realizan un análisis multivariante mediante una regresión logística y un análisis de la supervivencia mediante el método de Kaplan-Meier y el test log-rank. RESULTADOS: De los 161 pacientes seleccionados, el 9,3% (n = 15) tuvo adenopatías metastásicas. La multifocalidad (OR 5,284, IC 95% 1,056-26,443; p = 0,043) y la invasión extracapsular (OR 7,687, IC 95% 1,405-42,050; p = 0,019) se asociaron con la presencia de adenopatías metastásicas. En el MCPT con adenopatías metastásicas, se realizaron tratamientos más agresivos: linfadenectomía cervical (4,8% vs. 100%; p < 0,001) y radioyodo (24,7% vs. 100%; p < 0,001). Durante un seguimiento medio de 119,8±65 meses se detectó una recidiva en el grupo 2 (0% vs. 6,7%; p = 0,093). Ningún paciente falleció debido a la enfermedad. CONCLUSIONES: La multifocalidad y la invasión extracapsular del MCPT se asocian con la presencia de adenopatías metastásicas. El MCPT metastásico, con tratamientos más agresivos, presenta un excelente pronóstico a largo plazo


INTRODUCTION: Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) usually has an indolent course, but some have worse prognostic factors, such as the presence of central (6.9%-51.5%) and lateral (3%-49.6%) lymph node metastases. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors associated with PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes and its long-term prognosis. METHODS: Retrospective study whose study population consists of patients with PTMC (size ≤ 1 cm). Patients with previous thyroid surgery, other synchronous malignancies and ectopic location of the PTMC were excluded. Two groups were compared: PTMC without metastatic lymph nodes (group 1) and PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes (group 2). A multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model and a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test were performed. RESULTS: Out of the 161 selected patients, 9.3% (n = 15) had metastatic lymph nodes. Multifocality (OR 5.284, 95%CI 1.056-26.443; P = .043) and extrathyroidal extension (OR 7.687, 95% CI 1.405-42.050; P = .019) were associated with the presence of metastatic lymph nodes. In PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes, more aggressive treatments were performed: lymphadenectomy (4.8% vs. 100%; P < .001) and radioactive iodine (24.7% vs. 100%; P < .001). During a mean follow-up of 119.8±65 months, one recurrence was detected in group 2 (0% vs. 6.7%; P = .093). No patients died due to the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocality and extrathyroidal extension of PTMC were associated with the presence of metastatic lymph nodes. Metastatic PTMC, with more aggressive treatments, presents an excellent long-term prognosis


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/mortalidade , Carcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Achados Incidentais , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Excisão de Linfonodo , Esvaziamento Cervical , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Carga Tumoral
4.
Cir Esp (Engl Ed) ; 98(4): 219-225, 2020 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31980154

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) usually has an indolent course, but some have worse prognostic factors, such as the presence of central (6.9%-51.5%) and lateral (3%-49.6%) lymph node metastases. The aim of this study is to analyze the factors associated with PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes and its long-term prognosis. METHODS: Retrospective study whose study population consists of patients with PTMC (size ≤1cm). Patients with previous thyroid surgery, other synchronous malignancies and ectopic location of the PTMC were excluded. Two groups were compared: PTMC without metastatic lymph nodes (group 1) and PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes (group 2). A multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model and a Kaplan-Meier survival analysis with log-rank test were performed. RESULTS: Out of the 161 selected patients, 9.3% (n=15) had metastatic lymph nodes. Multifocality (OR 5.284, 95%CI 1.056-26.443; P=.043) and extrathyroidal extension (OR 7.687, 95%CI 1.405-42.050; P=.019) were associated with the presence of metastatic lymph nodes. In PTMC with metastatic lymph nodes, more aggressive treatments were performed: lymphadenectomy (4.8% vs. 100%; P<.001) and radioactive iodine (24.7% vs. 100%; P<.001). During a mean follow-up of 119.8±65 months, one recurrence was detected in group 2 (0% vs. 6.7%; P=.093). No patients died due to the disease. CONCLUSIONS: Multifocality and extrathyroidal extension of PTMC were associated with the presence of metastatic lymph nodes. Metastatic PTMC, with more aggressive treatments, presents an excellent long-term prognosis.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/patologia , Metástase Linfática/patologia , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Carcinoma Papilar/mortalidade , Carcinoma Papilar/cirurgia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Achados Incidentais , Radioisótopos do Iodo/uso terapêutico , Excisão de Linfonodo , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esvaziamento Cervical , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/cirurgia , Carga Tumoral
6.
Endocrinol Diabetes Nutr (Engl Ed) ; 67(5): 317-325, 2020 May.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31882257

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) has increased in recent years, especially in patients operated on for presumably benign thyroid disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the differences between PTMC incidentally diagnosed and PTMC clinically diagnosed, as well as its long-term prognosis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study population consisted of patients with a histological diagnosis of PTMC. Patients with previous thyroid surgery, other synchronous thyroid or extrathyroid malignancies and an ectopic location of PTMC were excluded. Two groups were compared: patients with PTMC incidentally diagnosed (group 1) and patients with PTMC clinically diagnosed (group 2). A multivariate analysis of differentiating factors was performed. RESULTS: PTMC clinically diagnosed had a high frequency of hypothyroidism (4.6% vs. 18.9%; P=.004), extrathyroidal extension (5.7% vs. 17.6%; P=.018), metastatic lymph nodes (1.1% vs. 18.9%; P<.001) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (5.7% vs. 27%; P<.001). In the multivariate analysis, metastatic lymph nodes (OR: 22.011, IC 95%: 2.621-184.829; P=.004) and lymphocytic thyroiditis (OR: 4.949; IC 95%: 1.602-15.288; P=.005) were associated with the clinical diagnosis of PTMC. During a mean follow-up of 119.8±65.1 months, one recurrence was detected in group 2 (0% vs. 1,4%; P=.460). No patient died due to the disease. CONCLUSIONS: PTMC clinically diagnosed, although it has more aggressive histopathological characteristics (extrathyroidal extension and metastatic lymph nodes), presents a long-term prognosis similar to the PTMC incidentally diagnosed. The presence of metastatic lymph nodes and lymphocytic thyroiditis were independent factors associated with PTMC clinically diagnosed.


Assuntos
Carcinoma Papilar/diagnóstico , Achados Incidentais , Neoplasias da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Fatores de Tempo
7.
J Plant Physiol ; 211: 36-41, 2017 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28142095

RESUMO

Plants of Chrysanthemum morifolium (sun species) and Spathiphyllum lanceifolium (shade species) were used to study the effects of chilling stems under high illumination. The stress conditions resulted in a greater accumulation of H2O2 in C. morifolium than in S. lanceifolium, and in the down-regulation of photosynthetic linear electron transport in both species. However, only a slight decrease in the maximal quantum yield of PSII was observed under unfavorable conditions in both species, suggesting that mechanisms exist in the chloroplasts that dissipate excess excitation energy and prevent damage to the photosynthetic apparatus. Additionally, changes were observed in the PGR5 polypeptide involved in cyclic electron flow around PSI and in chlororespiratory enzymes (plastidial NDH complex and PTOX). The level of PGR5 increased significantly only in chilled plants of C. morifolium, whereas the levels of the PTOX and NDH-H polypeptide of the plastidial NDH complex and the NDH activity increased significantly only in chilled plants of S. lanceifolium. These findings suggest that the cyclic electron flow involving PGR5 is more active in C. morifolium, while in S. lanceifolium, other mechanisms involving chlororespiratory enzymes are stimulated in response to chilling and high light, resulting in less H2O2 being accumulated in leaves.


Assuntos
Araceae/metabolismo , Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Chrysanthemum/metabolismo , Temperatura Baixa , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Estresse Fisiológico , Respiração Celular , Clorofila/metabolismo , Elétrons , Fluorescência , Immunoblotting , NAD/metabolismo , Peptídeos/isolamento & purificação , Peptídeos/metabolismo , Fotossíntese , Complexo de Proteína do Fotossistema II/metabolismo , Folhas de Planta/metabolismo , Plastoquinona/metabolismo , Teoria Quântica , Quinona Redutases/metabolismo , Tilacoides/enzimologia
8.
Rev. esp. quimioter ; 30(1): 28-33, feb. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-159556

RESUMO

Objetivos. Estudiar la epidemiología de la infección intraabddominal postquirúrgica, la efectividad de tigeciclina y los factores asociadas a la mortalidad. Paciente y métodos. Estudio prospectivo de los pacientes con infección intraabdominal postquirúrgica con documentación microbiológica y tratados con tigeciclina. Resultados. Se estudiaron 103 pacientes, de los que sólo fueron evaluados 61 que cumplían todos los criterios de selección y que recibieron tratamiento con tigeciclina sola o en combinación. La edad media de los pacientes fue de 67 años con predominio de hombres (72%), el índice de Charlson ≥ 3 estaba presente en el 65,5% de los casos, siendo la diabetes y la neoplasia de colon las enfermedades más frecuentes. La cirugía neoplásica fue la más realizada (n=44, 72%), constatando en 43 (69%) casos el uso previo de antibióticos. El índice de Pitt ≥3 fue del 69%, aislándose como microorganismos más frecuentes Escherichia coli (38%), Enterococcus spp. (34%) con predominio de Enterococcus faecium, y Klebsiella pneumoniae más Enterobacter cloacae en 28%. Todos los pacientes recibieron tigeciclina, sola en 17 (28%) casos o en combinación 44 (72%), fundamentalmente con meropenem 25 (57%) o amikacina 19 (43%). De los 61 pacientes, 11 (18%) fallecieron, habiendo precisado todos ellos cirugía neoplásica ampliada y con aislamientos de enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasas de espectro extendido. En el análisis univariado se identificaron como factores pronósticos asociados significativamente con mayor mortalidad el índice de Charlson >3, pH venoso <7,30 y leucocitosis >20.000 cells/mm3. Conclusiones. Dado que se trata de una cohorte de pacientes tratados con tigeciclina, el aislamiento de E. faecium era muy frecuente. Tigeciclina, en monoterapia o en combinación, se asoció a una tasa de curación del 82%, constituyendo probablemente, una alternativa de gran interés en el tratamiento empírico de estas infecciones graves (AU)


Objectives. To study a cohort of patients with intra-abdominal postsurgical infection treated with tigecycline to analyze its effectiveness and mortality related factors. Patients and methods. Prospective study of patients with intra-abdominal postsurgical infection with microbiological isolation and treated with tigecycline. Results. Out of 103 patients only 61 full fit inclusion criteria. Mean age was 67 year-old and 72% were male. Charlson score was ≥ 3 in 65.5%, being diabetes and colon cancer the most prevalent diseases. Cancer surgery was the most frequent procedure (n=44, 72%) and previous antibiotic administration was present in 43 cases (69%). Pitt score was ≥ 3 in 69% and most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli (38 %), Enterococcus spp. (34%; mainly Enterococcus faecium) and Klebsiella pneumoniae together with Enterobacter cloacae (28%). Tigecycline was prescribed alone (17; 28%) or in combination with other antibiotics (44; 72%), mainly meropenem (25; 57%) or amikacin (19, 43%). 11 patients died (18%), all of which suffered extended cancer surgery and isolation of extended-spectrum betalactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Factors statistically associated to death in univariate analysis were Charlson score 3, pH <7.3 and leucocyte count >20.000 cells/mm3. Conclusions. As being a cohort of patients treated with tigecycline, E. faecium isolation was very frequent. Non-fatal evolution was achieved in 82% cases, being tigecycline a potentially good option in the empiric treatment of very severe infections (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Controle de Infecções/métodos , Infecções Intra-Abdominais/diagnóstico , Infecções Intra-Abdominais/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Intra-Abdominais/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Ciclinas/uso terapêutico , Enterococcus faecium , Enterococcus faecium/isolamento & purificação , Metilprednisolona/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Coortes , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/tratamento farmacológico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Enterobacteriaceae , Enterobacteriaceae/isolamento & purificação , Análise Multivariada
9.
PLoS One ; 10(9): e0137472, 2015.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26360248

RESUMO

The present work studies the effects of cold on photosynthesis, as well as the involvement in the chilling stress of chlororespiratory enzymes and ferredoxin-mediated cyclic electron flow, in illuminated plants of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis. Plants were sensitive to cold stress, as indicated by a reduction in the photochemistry efficiency of PSII and in the capacity for electron transport. However, the susceptibility of leaves to cold may be modified by root temperature. When the stem, but not roots, was chilled, the quantum yield of PSII and the relative electron transport rates were much lower than when the whole plant, root and stem, was chilled at 10°C. Additionally, when the whole plant was cooled, both the activity of electron donation by NADPH and ferredoxin to plastoquinone and the amount of PGR5 polypeptide, an essential component of the cyclic electron flow around PSI, increased, suggesting that in these conditions cyclic electron flow helps protect photosystems. However, when the stem, but not the root, was cooled cyclic electron flow did not increase and PSII was damaged as a result of insufficient dissipation of the excess light energy. In contrast, the chlororespiratory enzymes (NDH complex and PTOX) remained similar to control when the whole plant was cooled, but increased when only the stem was cooled, suggesting the involvement of chlororespiration in the response to chilling stress when other pathways, such as cyclic electron flow around PSI, are insufficient to protect PSII.


Assuntos
Temperatura Baixa , Hibiscus/metabolismo , Fotossíntese , Estresse Fisiológico , Transporte de Elétrons , Luz , NAD/metabolismo , Plastoquinona/metabolismo , Tilacoides/metabolismo
10.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 17(2): 159-171, mar.-abr. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-739891

RESUMO

Introducción: los medios de enseñanza utilizados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la morfofisiología deben ser perfeccionados para consolidar los conocimientos de las ciencias básicas en la carrera de Medicina. Objetivo: evaluar la utilización de los medios, en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de la morfofisiología del sistema osteomioarticular en el primer año de la carrera de Medicina, de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Dr."Ernesto Che Guevara de la Serna", Pinar del Río. Material y métodos: se utilizaron los métodos empíricos, teóricos y procedimientos de la estadística descriptiva. Fueron considerados como universo los profesores que imparten o han impartido la propia asignatura (n=6), así como los profesores asesores de la disciplina(n=4) y estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Medicina del curso 2010-2011, que recibieron la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana II (n=161). Resultados: se encontró que no existe una correspondencia entre la organización de los contenidos ubicados en el CD y los que están incluidos actualmente en el programa de la asignatura, criterios de expertos, profesores y estudiantes, con relación a las dificultades que existen con los medios, lo que se comprobó en la generalidad de las respuestas. Conclusiones: los medios de enseñanza utilizados para el aprendizaje de la morfofisiología del sistema osteomioarticular no responden a la necesidad de un aprendizaje interactivo, donde se construya el conocimiento, y el estudiante pueda desarrollar sus propias estrategias de aprendizaje, por lo que se hace necesario perfeccionar los mismos.


Introduction: the use of teaching aids on the teaching-learning process of morphology and physiology subjects should be improved to strengthen knowledge of basic sciences in Medical Studies. Objective: to assess the use of teaching aids on the teaching-learning process of morphology and physiology of the osteomyoarticular system on 1st academic year of medical studies at "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" Medical School. Pinar del Rio. Material and Methods: empirical and theoretical methods were used along with descriptive statistics procedures. Professors of the subjects were taken as a target group (n=6), as well as the consultants of the subject (n=4) and students of the 1st academic year of medical studies receiving the subject of Human Morphology and Physiology II (n=161) during 2010-2011. Results: no correspondence was found regarding the organization of contents on CDs and the ones currently included in the syllabus of the subject, criteria of experts, professors and students in relation to the difficulties with the teaching aids, which was verified in the majority of the responses. Conclusions: the teaching aids used to teach the morphology and physiology of osteomyoarticular system give no responses to an interactive learning, where knowledge must be built and for the students to develop their own learning strategies, that is why it is necessary to better the teaching aids.

11.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 17(2)mar.-abr. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-53659

RESUMO

Los medios de enseñanza utilizados en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de la morfofisiología deben ser perfeccionados para consolidar los conocimientos de las ciencias básicas en la carrera de Medicina. El objetivo fue evaluar la utilización de los medios, en el proceso enseñanza-aprendizaje de la morfofisiología del sistema osteomioarticular en el primer año de la carrera de Medicina, de la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas Dr. Ernesto Che Guevara de la Serna, Pinar del Río. Se utilizaron los métodos empíricos, teóricos y procedimientos de la estadística descriptiva. Fueron considerados como universo los profesores que imparten o han impartido la propia asignatura (n=6), así como los profesores asesores de la disciplina(n=4) y estudiantes de primer año de la carrera de Medicina del curso 2010-2011, que recibieron la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana II (n=161). Se encontró que no existe una correspondencia entre la organización de los contenidos ubicados en el CD y los que están incluidos actualmente en el programa de la asignatura, criterios de expertos, profesores y estudiantes, con relación a las dificultades que existen con los medios, lo que se comprobó en la generalidad de las respuestas. Los medios de enseñanza utilizados para el aprendizaje de la morfofisiología del sistema osteomioarticular no responden a la necesidad de un aprendizaje interactivo, donde se construya el conocimiento, y el estudiante pueda desarrollar sus propias estrategias de aprendizaje, por lo que se hace necesario perfeccionar los mismos (AU)


The use of teaching aids on the teaching-learning process of morphology and physiology subjects should be improved to strengthen knowledge of basic sciences in Medical Studies. The objective was to assess the use of teaching aids on the teaching-learning process of morphology and physiology of the osteomyoarticular system on 1st academic year of medical studies at "Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna" Medical School. Pinar del Rio. Empirical and theoretical methods were used along with descriptive statistics procedures. Professors of the subjects were taken as a target group (n=6), as well as the consultants of the subject (n=4) and students of the 1st academic year of medical studies receiving the subject of Human Morphology and Physiology II (n=161) during 2010-2011. No correspondence was found regarding the organization of contents on CDs and the ones currently included in the syllabus of the subject, criteria of experts, professors and students in relation to the difficulties with the teaching aids, which was verified in the majority of the responses. The teaching aids used to teach the morphology and physiology of osteomyoarticular system give no responses to an interactive learning, where knowledge must be built and for the students to develop their own learning strategies, that is why it is necessary to better the teaching aids (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ensino , Fisiologia , Sistema Musculoesquelético
12.
J Plant Physiol ; 170(2): 165-71, 2013 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23122789

RESUMO

Rosa meillandina plants were used to study the effects of water deficit on photosynthesis and chlororespiration. Plants showed high tolerance to heat and high illumination in controlled conditions that ensured that there was no water deficit. However, when heat and high illumination were accompanied by low watering photosynthetic linear electron transport was down regulated, as indicated by the reduced photochemistry efficiency of PS II, which was associated with an increase in the non-photochemical quenching of fluorescence. In addition to the effects on the photosynthetic activity, changes were also observed in the plastidial NDH complex, PTOX and PGR5. In plants exposed to heat and high illumination without water deficit, the activities and amounts of the chlororespiration enzymes, NDH complex and PTOX, remained similar to the control and only increased in response to drought, high light and heat stress, applied together. In contrast, both the PS I activity and the amount of PGR5 polypeptide were higher in plants exposed to heat and high illumination without water deficit than in those with water deficit. The results indicated that in the conditions studied, the contribution of chlororespiration to regulating photosynthetic electron flow is not relevant when there is no water deficit, and another pathway, such as cyclic electron flow involving PGR5 polypeptide, may be more important. However, when PS II activity is inhibited by drought, chlororespiration, together with other routes of electron input to the electron transfer chain, is probably essential.


Assuntos
Cloroplastos/metabolismo , Secas , Temperatura Alta , Luz , Complexo de Proteína do Fotossistema II/metabolismo , Rosa/metabolismo , Adaptação Fisiológica , Respiração Celular , Cloroplastos/efeitos da radiação , Transporte de Elétrons , Fotossíntese , Rosa/efeitos da radiação , Estresse Fisiológico
13.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 16(6): 88-101, nov.-dic. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-739866

RESUMO

Introducción: el perfeccionamiento de la enseñanza de la Morfofisiología debe ser permanente en el proceso de trasmitir los conocimientos de las ciencias básicas en Medicina. Objetivo: evaluar el rediseño de las orientaciones metodológicas para el perfeccionamiento de los seminarios integradores como actividad evaluativa frecuente de la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III en la carrera de Medicina. Material y Método: se utilizaron los métodos empíricos y teóricos unidos a los procedimientos de la estadística descriptiva. Fueron considerados como universo los profesores que imparten o han impartido la propia asignatura y alumnos de primer año de la carrera de Medicina del curso 2010-2011 que recibieron la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III. Resultados: se encontró que existe una correspondencia entre los criterios de expertos y profesores que impartieron la asignatura con relación a lo deficiente del diseño y ejecución de los seminarios integradores, lo que se comprobó en las dificultades detectadas en los controles a clase realizados, y en la generalidad de las respuestas dadas por los estudiantes. Las orientaciones metodológicas que se proponen se orientan al logro de un adecuado desempeño de los docentes en los seminarios integradores de la asignatura Morfofisiología III, que tributaría al perfeccionamiento de su diseño y ejecución. Conclusiones: los expertos hicieron algunas recomendaciones orientadas a la divulgación y utilización del producto elaborado por los docentes responsables de la impartición de la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III en la carrera de Medicina, así como desarrollar talleres donde se discuta y profundice sobre las sugerencias consideradas en el rediseño confeccionado.


Introduction: the upgrading to teach Human Morphology and Physiology should be permanent when transmitting knowledge of basic sciences in Medicine. Objective: to evaluate the redesign of methodological guidelines to the upgrading of comprehensive seminars as a frequent evaluative activity for Human Morphology and Physiology III in medical studies. Material and method: empirical and theoretical methods together with procedures of descriptive statistics were used. The target group included the professors who teach the subject or those who had taught the subject of Human Morphology and Physiology III to the first academic year of Medical Studies during 2010-2011. Results: an association among the criteria of experts and professors teaching the subject was found in relation to the deficient design and preparation of comprehensive seminars, detected during the controls of lessons in addition to the responses given by the students. The methodological guidelines proposed were directed toward the achievement of an adequate performance of the teaching staff in the comprehensive seminars of Human Morphology-Physiology III favoring the improvement of their design and implementation. Conclusions: the experts prepared some recommendations toward the dissemination and use of an elaborated product by the teaching personnel who teach Human Morphology-Physiology III in Medical Studies, along with the development of workshops where the debate and deepening of some suggestions were included in the redesign.

14.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 16(6)dic. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-52481

RESUMO

El perfeccionamiento de la enseñanza de la Morfofisiología debe ser permanente en el proceso de trasmitir los conocimientos de las ciencias básicas en Medicina.El objetivo fue evaluar el rediseño de las orientaciones metodológicas para el perfeccionamiento de los seminarios integradores como actividad evaluativa frecuente de la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III en la carrera de Medicina. Se utilizaron los métodos empíricos y teóricos unidos a los procedimientos de la estadística descriptiva. Fueron considerados como universo los profesores que imparten o han impartido la propia asignatura y alumnos de primer año de la carrera de Medicina del curso 2010-2011 que recibieron la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III. Se encontró que existe una correspondencia entre los criterios de expertos y profesores que impartieron la asignatura con relación a lo deficiente del diseño y ejecución de los seminarios integradores, lo que se comprobó en las dificultades detectadas en los controles a clase realizados, y en la generalidad de las respuestas dadas por los estudiantes. Las orientaciones metodológicas que se proponen se orientan al logro de un adecuado desempeño de los docentes en los seminarios integradores de la asignatura Morfofisiología III, que tributaría al perfeccionamiento de su diseño y ejecución. Los expertos hicieron algunas recomendaciones orientadas a la divulgación y utilización del producto elaborado por los docentes responsables de la impartición de la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana III en la carrera de Medicina, así como desarrollar talleres donde se discuta y profundice sobre las sugerencias consideradas en el rediseño confeccionado(AU)


The upgrading to teach Human Morphology and Physiology should be permanent when transmitting knowledge of basic sciences in Medicine.The objective was to evaluate the redesign of methodological guidelines to the upgrading of comprehensive seminars as a frequent evaluative activity for Human Morphology and Physiology III in medical studies.Material and method: empirical and theoretical methods together with procedures of descriptive statistics were used. The target group included the professors who teach the subject or those who had taught the subject of Human Morphology and Physiology III to the first academic year of Medical Studies during 2010-2011. An association among the criteria of experts and professors teaching the subject was found in relation to the deficient design and preparation of comprehensive seminars, detected during the controls of lessons in addition to the responses given by the students. The methodological guidelines proposed were directed toward the achievement of an adequate performance of the teaching staff in the comprehensive seminars of Human Morphology-Physiology III favoring the improvement of their design and implementation. The experts prepared some recommendations toward the dissemination and use of an elaborated product by the teaching personnel who teach Human Morphology-Physiology III in Medical Studies, along with the development of workshops where the debate and deepening of some suggestions were included in the redesign(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Ensino , Metodologia como Assunto
15.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 14(2): 13-19, abr.-jun. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-739400

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar un sistema de medios de enseñanza aplicando las Tecnologías de la Informática y las Comunicaciones (TICs) para la vinculación de los 18 puntos cardinales de la acupuntura con los contenidos del sistema osteomioarticular (SOMA) que se imparte en la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana II en el primer semestre de Medicina. Dichos medios consistió en un material electrónico de apoyo a la docencia, el que incluyó: 1: Folleto digital donde se propone la distribución de los 18 puntos cardinales de la acupuntura en el sistema osteomioarticular; destacando además el momento oportuno donde se debe realizar la vinculación por parte del profesor, la utilización de los puntos de acupuntura, como terapéutica alternativa y/o enfatizar los conocimientos de la anatomía de superficie. 2: Guía de estudio modelo para la consolidación sobre: esqueleto de los miembros superiores utilizando el modelo WebQuest .3. Secuencia de diapositivas con hipervínculo donde se relacionan los puntos de acupuntura con la anatomía de superficie del esqueleto axil y sus músculos correspondientes, y la de los miembros superiores e inferiores. 4. Ejercicios de autoevaluación vinculando el contenido del sistema osteomioarticular con los puntos cardinales del cuerpo humano en la práctica médica comunitaria. Se concluye que el sistema de medios de enseñanza aplicando las Tecnologías de la Informática y las Comunicaciones (TICs) permitirá a los estudiantes establecer las relaciones entre el SOMA y la anatomía de superficie con la acupuntura.


The aim of this research was to create a system of teaching aids based on the Information Technologies and Knowledge to link up the 18 cardinal points of acupuncture with the contents of osteomyoarticular system that is taught in the first term of the medical studies through the subject: Human Morphology-2. These teaching aids were compromised of an electronic supporting material to the teaching process, which included: 1-A digital leaflet proposing the distribution of the 18 cardinal points of acupuncture in the osteomyoarticular system; highlighting the suitable moment to link up the contents by the professor, the use of acupuncture points as an alternative therapeutics and/or to emphasize knowledge of the superficial anatomy, 2- A model guide of study to the consolidation about: skeleton of the upper limbs using the model WebQuest, 3- Sequence of slides with a hyperlink where the acupuncture points are related with the anatomy of the superficial axial skeleton and its corresponding muscle as well as the upper and lower limbs, 4- Exercises to self-evaluation linking the content of the osteomyoarticular system with the cardinal points of the human body in medical-community practice. Concluding that the system of teaching aids based on the Information Technologies and Knowledge will allow students to establish the relationships between the SOMA and the superficial anatomy with acupuncture.

16.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 14(2)mayo 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-43409

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación fue elaborar un sistema de medios de enseñanza aplicando las Tecnologías de la Informática y las Comunicaciones (TICs) para la vinculación de los 18 puntos cardinales de la acupuntura con los contenidos del sistema osteomioarticular (SOMA) que se imparte en la asignatura Morfofisiología Humana II en el primer semestre de Medicina. Dichos medios consistió en un material electrónico de apoyo a la docencia, el que incluyó: 1: Folleto digital donde se propone la distribución de los 18 puntos cardinales de la acupuntura en el sistema osteomioarticular; destacando además el momento oportuno donde se debe realizar la vinculación por parte del profesor, la utilización de los puntos de acupuntura, como terapéutica alternativa y/o enfatizar los conocimientos de la anatomía de superficie. 2: Guía de estudio modelo para la consolidación sobre: esqueleto de los miembros superiores utilizando el modelo WebQuest .3. Secuencia de diapositivas con hipervínculo donde se relacionan los puntos de acupuntura con la anatomía de superficie del esqueleto axil y sus músculos correspondientes, y la de los miembros superiores e inferiores. 4. Ejercicios de autoevaluación vinculando el contenido del sistema osteomioarticular con los puntos cardinales del cuerpo humano en la práctica médica comunitaria. Se concluye que el sistema de medios de enseñanza aplicando las Tecnologías de la Informática y las Comunicaciones (TICs) permitirá a los estudiantes establecer las relaciones entre el SOMA y la anatomía de superficie con la acupuntura...(AU)


The aim of this research was to create a system of teaching aids based on the Information Technologies and Knowledge to link up the 18 cardinal points of acupuncture with the contents of osteomyoarticular system that is taught in the first term of the medical studies through the subject: Human Morphology-2. These teaching aids were compromised of an electronic supporting material to the teaching process, which included: 1-A digital leaflet proposing the distribution of the 18 cardinal points of acupuncture in the osteomyoarticular system; highlighting the suitable moment to link up the contents by the professor, the use of acupuncture points as an alternative therapeutics and/or to emphasize knowledge of the superficial anatomy, 2- A model guide of study to the consolidation about: skeleton of the upper limbs using the model WebQuest, 3- Sequence of slides with a hyperlink where the acupuncture points are related with the anatomy of the superficial axial skeleton and its corresponding muscle as well as the upper and lower limbs, 4- Exercises to self-evaluation linking the content of the osteomyoarticular system with the cardinal points of the human body in medical-community practice. Concluding that the system of teaching aids based on the Information Technologies and Knowledge will allow students to establish the relationships between the SOMA and the superficial anatomy with acupuncture...(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Terapias Complementares , Acupuntura , Fisiologia
17.
Educ. med. super ; 22(3)jul.-sep. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-38086

RESUMO

Estimar la capacidad predictiva de algunos indicadores respecto a los resultados del examen final de la asignatura. Como predictores se utilizaron la vía de ingreso, los resultados de algunas de las asignaturas del primer semestre y los resultados del corte de la décima semana de la asignatura Fisiología Médica, todos en relación con la nota de su examen final en 548 estudiantes de los cursos 2005-2006 y 2006-2007. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas simples y se ajustó un modelo de regresión con escalamiento óptimo para la recodificación. Los valores estimados por este modelo se convirtieron a una escala ordinal con fines de predicción. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de componentes principales para una mejor comprensión de la estructura de asociaciones entre las variables. Los predictores en su conjunto son capaces de explicar 54 por ciento de la variabilidad de la nota final de la asignatura y el modelo de regresión con escalamiento óptimo con estos predictores proporciona un ajuste satisfactorio, el corte de la décima semana es el mejor predictor. Otros predictores relevantes son la vía de ingreso y la historia académica previa. Los indicadores vía de ingreso, notas de las asignaturas del primer semestre del primer año de la carrera de Medicina y corte de la décima semana integrados en un modelo de predicción, logran un modelo satisfactorio de predicción del rendimiento docente en la asignatura Fisiología Médica. El corte de la décima semana resulta el mejor predictor debido a que es más cercano y específico a los resultados de la asignatura. La vía de ingreso puede constituir un elemento útil a la hora de identificar estudiantes en pronóstico de éxito-fracaso docente(AU)


To estimate the prediction capacity of some indicators regarding the results of final examinations of this subject. The admission via, the results of some of subjects in the first semester, and the results of the cut-off on the tenth week of the Medical Physiology subject were used as predictors. All of them were related to the mark obtained in the final examination of 548 students in the courses 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. Simple descriptive statistics were used and a regression model with optimal scaling up was adjusted for recoding. The values estimated for this model were converted into an ordinal scale for prediction. An analysis of the main components for a better understanding of the structure of the associations among variables was carried out.Predictors as a whole are capable to explain 54 percent of the variability in the final mark of the subject, whereas the regression model with an optimal scaling up with these predictors allows a satisfactory adjustment. The cut-off on the tenth week is the best predictor. The admission via, the qualifications obtained in the first semester of first year of the medical career, and the cut-off on the tenth week integrated in a prediction model are a satisfactory prediction model of academic performance in the Medical Physiology subject. The cut-off on the tenth week is the best predictor, since it is more specific and closer to the results of the subject. The admission via may be a useful element at the time of identifying students in the prognosis of teaching success-failure(AU)


Assuntos
Estudantes de Medicina , Fisiologia/educação , Critérios de Admissão Escolar
18.
Educ. med. super ; 22(3): [1-11], jul.-sept. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-515701

RESUMO

Estimar la capacidad predictiva de algunos indicadores respecto a los resultados del examen final de la asignatura. Como predictores se utilizaron la vía de ingreso, los resultados de algunas de las asignaturas del primer semestre y los resultados del corte de la décima semana de la asignatura Fisiología Médica, todos en relación con la nota de su examen final en 548 estudiantes de los cursos 2005-2006 y 2006-2007. Se utilizaron estadísticas descriptivas simples y se ajustó un modelo de regresión con escalamiento óptimo para la recodificación. Los valores estimados por este modelo se convirtieron a una escala ordinal con fines de predicción. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de componentes principales para una mejor comprensión de la estructura de asociaciones entre las variables. Los predictores en su conjunto son capaces de explicar 54 por ciento de la variabilidad de la nota final de la asignatura y el modelo de regresión con escalamiento óptimo con estos predictores proporciona un ajuste satisfactorio, el corte de la décima semana es el mejor predictor. Otros predictores relevantes son la vía de ingreso y la historia académica previa. Los indicadores vía de ingreso, notas de las asignaturas del primer semestre del primer año de la carrera de Medicina y corte de la décima semana integrados en un modelo de predicción, logran un modelo satisfactorio de predicción del rendimiento docente en la asignatura Fisiología Médica. El corte de la décima semana resulta el mejor predictor debido a que es más cercano y específico a los resultados de la asignatura. La vía de ingreso puede constituir un elemento útil a la hora de identificar estudiantes en pronóstico de éxito-fracaso docente.


To estimate the prediction capacity of some indicators regarding the results of final examinations of this subject. The admission via, the results of some of subjects in the first semester, and the results of the cut-off on the tenth week of the Medical Physiology subject were used as predictors. All of them were related to the mark obtained in the final examination of 548 students in the courses 2005-2006 and 2006-2007. Simple descriptive statistics were used and a regression model with optimal scaling up was adjusted for recoding. The values estimated for this model were converted into an ordinal scale for prediction. An analysis of the main components for a better understanding of the structure of the associations among variables was carried out.Predictors as a whole are capable to explain 54 percent of the variability in the final mark of the subject, whereas the regression model with an optimal scaling up with these predictors allows a satisfactory adjustment. The cut-off on the tenth week is the best predictor. The admission via, the qualifications obtained in the first semester of first year of the medical career, and the cut-off on the tenth week integrated in a prediction model are a satisfactory prediction model of academic performance in the Medical Physiology subject. The cut-off on the tenth week is the best predictor, since it is more specific and closer to the results of the subject. The admission via may be a useful element at the time of identifying students in the prognosis of teaching success-failure.


Assuntos
Critérios de Admissão Escolar , Estudantes de Medicina , Fisiologia/educação
19.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 11(2/4)abr. 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-35963

RESUMO

Para la consecución de este trabajo tomamos en cuenta las categorías de la dialéctica en relación con la Cultura Física Terapéutica, desde una reflexión critica que toma en consideración los criterios actuales de la vida moderna; donde los avances de la ciencia y tecnología someten al hombre a un estado de hipoquinesia casi total, que atenta contra su salud aumentando el riesgo de padecer de patología de tipo degenerativo, patologías crónicas no trasmisibles, llevándolo a un deterioro de la salud. Conociendo la importancia de la Cultura Física Terapéutica en la utilización adecuada del tiempo libre a través de la práctica de ejercicio físico y su efecto en el cambio del estilo de vida de las personas, estudiamos el comportamiento de estas categorías desde el punto de vista biomédico en la calidad de vida de los individuos según el estilo de vida que elijan, evidenciándose que este influye directamente en la calidad de vida independiente de la sociedad y del nivel de vida. El modo y nivel de vida pueden influir en la calidad de vida de las personas, pero no es determinante, como el estilo de vida; la Cultura Física Terapéutica toma matices diferentes según las formaciones económico-sociales (AU)


To carry out this research paper, some dialectical categories related to therapeutic physical exercises were analyzed from a critical reflection about the current criteria of modern life where the advances of science and technology submit human being to an almost total state of hypokinesis that affects health conditions, increasing the risk of suffering from degenerative and chronic non-contagious pathologies. Knowing the importance of the therapeutic exercises in the proper use of free time and the effect of these exercises on the changes of the life-styles, a study taking into consideration philosophical categories and biomedical view points was conducted to demonstrate that the ways of life and the life-styles can influence the quality of life apart from society and level of life. Way and level of life are not determining as life-styles are. Therapeutic Physical Exercises take different variants according to socio-economic formations (AU)


Assuntos
Qualidade de Vida , Nível de Saúde , Exercício Físico , Estilo de Vida
20.
Rev cienc méd pinar río ; 11(2/2)feb. 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-35759

RESUMO

Introducción: Se dispone de escasos indicadores predictores del rendimiento académico en la asignatura Fisiología. Objetivos: Evaluar la capacidad predictiva del corte de la décima semana respecto a los resultados de examen final ordinario en la asignatura de Fisiología de la carrera de Medicina. Materiales y Métodos: Se estudiaron los resultados del corte y la nota del examen final ordinario de 1250 estudiantes que recibieron la asignatura en los últimos 5 semestres que se han impartido hasta este curso 2006-2007 en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río “Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna”. Para variables cualitativas se utilizaron el cálculo de porcentajes y números absolutos. La concordancia entre las evaluaciones se evaluó mediante el índice Kappa al 95 por ciento de certeza. Además se realiza Chi cuadrado para evaluar capacidad predictiva. Resultados: Existió correspondencia de los resultados del corte con los resultados del examen final ordinario con significación leve en cuanto a la asociación cuando se usa como predictor de éxito-fracaso. Se constataron diferencias en el comportamiento por semestres y cursos escolares. Conclusiones: El corte de la décima semana constituye un indicador que aproximadamente es capaz de predecir el rendimiento académico de los alumnos en la asignatura Fisiología y que es mejor predictor cuando existen mayor número de estudiantes evaluados dentro de cada categoría (AU)


Introduction: Predictive indicators of the academic profit in Physiology subject are scarce. Objectives: To assess the predictive capacity of the academic cutting in the 10th week in relation to the results of the final examination of Physiology subject in medical major. Material and methods: Results of the academic cutting and the final examination marks of 1250 students receiving the subject in the last five semesters till course 2006-2007 were collected at “Ernesto Guevara del Serna” Medical School in Pinar del Rio. Qualitative variates were used to calculate the percentages and absolute numbers. The coincidence in evaluations was assessed using Kappa index with a 95 per cent of certainty. Results: A correspondence with the results of the academic cutting and the results of the final examination was observed having a slight significance regarding the association when using failure-success as a predictor. Differences in the behavior per semesters and the academic courses were noted. Conclusions: The academic cutting in the tenth week constitutes an indicator to predict the academic profit of the students in Physiology subject and this was the best predictor to be used when having a greater number of students evaluated in each category


Assuntos
Estudantes de Medicina , Fisiologia , Avaliação Educacional , Educação Médica , Teste de Admissão Acadêmica
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